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dc.contributor.authorStorm, Benjamin
dc.contributor.authorChristiansen, Dorte
dc.contributor.authorMollnes, Tom Eirik
dc.contributor.authorNielsen, Erik Waage
dc.date.accessioned2021-02-24T10:56:26Z
dc.date.available2021-02-24T10:56:26Z
dc.date.created2020-10-10T15:13:13Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationStorm, B. S., Christiansen, D., Mollnes, T. E & Nielsen, E. W. (2020). Avoiding ambient air in test tubes during incubations of human whole-blood minimizes complement background activation. Journal of Immunological Methods, 487: 112876. doi:en_US
dc.identifier.issn1872-7905
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2730032
dc.description.abstractBackground In vitro, the complement system can be studied in test tubes incubated with anticoagulated human whole-blood. Background activation of complement may mask inflammatory signals. Air bubbles are known to activate complement. We examined if removing ambient air from test tubes before incubation reduced background complement activation. Methods Blood from twelve donors was anticoagulated with the thrombin inhibitor lepirudin and incubated with either no air, ambient air or air bubbles in polypropylene tubes at 37 °C for 180 min on a roller mixer. After incubation, EDTA was added, plasma isolated and analyzed for seven complement activation products using ELISA. Results are presented as means with 95% confidence intervals. Results Blood incubated without air had significantly lower complement activation compared to blood incubated with ambient air; C4d 273 (192–364) vs. 379 (263–494) ng/mL (p = 0.002), C4bc 8.2 (4.1–13) vs. 12 (3.2–21) CAU/mL (p = 0.01), C3a 1351 (873–1838) vs. 2944 (2315–3572) ng/mL (p = 0.0005), C3bc 31 (17–46) vs. 68 (52–84) CAU/mL (p = 0.002), C3bBbP 134 (97–171) vs. 427 (358–506) CAU/mL (p < 0.0001), C5a 3.5 (1.9–5 0.2) vs. 15 (1.8–27)) ng/mL (p = 0.003), TCC 4.6 (2.8–6.3) vs. 9.9 (7.3–12) CAU/mL (p = 0.006). At the end of the experiment blood incubated with air bubbles had a higher complement activation than blood incubated with ambient air with an average 26 fold increase (range 1.6–59) from baseline of all activation products; C4d 551 (337–766) ng/mL, C4bc 21 (5.0–36) CAU/mL, C3a 3983 (3518–4448) ng/mL, C4bc 103 (86–121) CAU/mL, C3bBbP 626 (543–708) CAU/mL, C5a 10 (2.8–18) ng/mL and TCC 10 (6.0–14) CAU/mL. Conclusion Avoiding air in test tubes during whole-blood experiments reduced background complement activation substantially and represents an important improvement to the lepirudin whole-blood model. This could also apply to other in vitro models.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleAvoiding ambient air in test tubes during incubations of human whole-blood minimizes complement background activationen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holder© 2020 The Author(s)en_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700en_US
dc.subject.nsiVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske, odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710en_US
dc.source.pagenumber5en_US
dc.source.volume487en_US
dc.source.journalJIM - Journal of Immunological Methodsen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jim.2020.112876
dc.identifier.cristin1838643
dc.description.localcodePaid Open Accessen_US
dc.source.articlenumber112876en_US


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Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal
Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as Navngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal